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#biosignature

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Daniel Pomarède

NASA’s Perseverance Mars Rover to Take Bite Out of ‘Krokodillen’

The area has been on the Perseverance science team’s wish list because it marks an important boundary between the oldest rocks of Jezero Crater’s rim and those of the plains beyond the crater

jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-persev

NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)NASA’s Perseverance Mars Rover to Take Bite Out of ‘Krokodillen’Scientists expect the new area of interest on the lower slope of Jezero Crater’s rim to offer up some of the oldest rocks on the Red Planet.
#Mars#Perseverance#Krokodillen
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Mikko Tuomi

The recent claims of #biosignature detection in the atmosphere of #exoplanet K2-18b does not convince anyone.

A new paper demonstrates that other non-biological interpretations can also explain the data.

Reanalysing the dataset used in the original biosignature detection paper through multiple other models reveals good fits for models that abiological processes could entirely explain.

One particular model that included the hydrocarbon propyne fit the data better than the model containing DMS and its cousin, dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), which was interpreted as biosignature detection April.

#astronomy #exoplanets
phys.org/news/2025-05-ways-atm

phys.orgThere are many ways to interpret the atmosphere of K2-18bExtraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. That truism, now known as the "Sagan standard" after science communicator Carl Sagan, has been around in some form since David Hume first published it in the 1740s. But, with modern-day data collection, sometimes even extraordinary evidence isn't enough—it's how you interpret it.
Public
Mikko Tuomi

Astronomers have detected the most promising signs yet of a possible #biosignature outside the solar system, although they remain cautious.

They have detected the chemical fingerprints of dimethyl sulfide and/or dimethyl disulfide, in the #atmosphere of the #exoplanet K2-18b, which orbits its star in the #habitable zone.

On Earth, theyare only produced by #life, primarily microbial life such as marine phytoplankton.

#astronomy #astrobiology
cam.ac.uk/stories/strongest-hi

University of CambridgeStrongest hints yet of biological activity outside the solar systemAstronomers have detected the most promising signs yet of a possible biosignature outside the solar system, although they remain cautious.
Public
Daniel Fischer

What if we Find Nothing? Bayesian Analysis of the Statistical Information of Null Results in Future Exoplanet Habitability and #Biosignature Surveys: iopscience.iop.org/article/10. -> What if we find nothing in our search for life beyond Earth? seti.org/press-release/what-if -> In the search for life on exoplanets, finding nothing is something too: phys.ethz.ch/news-and-events/d - what insights can be gained from a 'no life detected' scenario in future exoplanet surveys.

iopscience.iop.orgRadware Bot Manager Captcha
Public
Mikko Tuomi

The upcoming extremely large telescopes will provide the first opportunity to search for signs of #habitability and #life on non-transiting #terrestrial #exoplanets.

For the most accessible nearby target, #Proxima Centauri b, we may be able to rule out a sub-Neptune #atmosphere in as little as a single hour of observing, and some #biosignature disequilibrium pairs may be accessible in 10 hours.

#astronomy #astrobiology
arxiv.org/abs/2503.08592

arXiv.orgThere's more to life in reflected light: Simulating the detectability of a range of molecules for high-contrast, high-resolution observations of non-transiting terrestrial exoplanetsThe upcoming extremely large telescopes will provide the first opportunity to search for signs of habitability and life on non-transiting terrestrial exoplanets using high-contrast, high-resolution instrumentation. However, the suite of atmospheric gases in terrestrial exoplanet environments that are accessible to ground-based reflected light observations has not been thoroughly explored. In this work, we use an upgraded Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) detectability pipeline to simulate the detectability of gases that can serve as habitability markers, potential biosignatures, and false positive discriminants in the atmospheres of Earth-sized and sub-Neptune planets. We calculate molecular detectability for five photochemically self-consistent atmosphere types, including the modern and Archean Earth, uninhabited biosignature ``false positive'' environments, and a sub-Neptune, over a grid of observational configurations for non-transiting targets within 10pc of Earth. For the most accessible nearby target, Proxima Centauri b, our results suggest that we may be able to rule out a sub-Neptune atmosphere in as little as a single hour of observing, and two biosignature disequilibrium pairs (O$_2$/CH$_4$ and CO$_2$/CH$_4$) may be accessible in $\sim 10$ hours for the most optimistic scenario. It may also be possible to discriminate uninhabited worlds, and rule out biosignature false positives by identifying contextual indicators (CO and H$_2$O) of abiotic O$_2$ and/or CH$_4$ buildup on similar timescales. In the near term, ELT reflected light observations will likely allow us to characterize multiple nearby terrestrial atmospheres, and ultimately search for signs of habitability and life.
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